Official websites use. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. Corresponding author: L. Telephone: ; birnbaumls niehs. Human exposures to bisphenol A BPA are widespread.
The current study addresses uncertainties regarding human pharmacokinetics of BPA. To reduce uncertainties about the metabolism and excretion of BPA in humans following oral administration.
We calculated the rate of oral absorption, serum elimination, half-life, area under the curve AUC , urinary excretion, and metabolism to glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. Unconjugated d6-BPA appeared in serum within 5โ20 min of dosing with a mean C max of 6. Detectable blood levels of unconjugated or total d6-BPA were observed at 48 hours in some subjects at concentrations near the LOD 0. Using more sensitive methods, our study expands the findings of other human oral pharmacokinetic studies.
Elimination of conjugates into urine largely occurs within 24 hours. Bisphenol A BPA is used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins, and as a polymerization inhibitor in the formation of some polyvinyl chloride plastics. Polycarbonates are in consumer products such as plastic dinnerware, microwave ovenware, eyeglass lenses, toys, pacifiers, impact-resistant safety equipment, compact discs and automobile parts.
Consequently, the potential for human exposure is widespread. BPA has been reported to cause a wide range of adverse health outcomes in experimental animal studies; some similar findings in humans have also been linked to BPA exposure in observational epidemiology studies WHO Exposures during fetal life or early postnatal development are of most concern because of the susceptibility of normal development to potential disruption and because BPA is metabolized and eliminated through conjugation enzyme systems that may not be fully developed in early life Divakaran and others in press ; Gerona and others Biomonitoring data document that human exposure to BPA is widespread Calafat and others ; Teeguarden and others but there is debate on the validity of reported measures of unconjugated BPA in whole blood, serum, or plasma.
